Seasonal population dynamic of dominant copepod species in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean.

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Kolosova E.G., Melnikov I.А.

This paper deals with the round-year observations made on population dynamics of dominant species of the Arctic zooplankton – Calanus hyperboreus, C. glacialis, and Metridia longa. Material is based upon a yearlong zooplankton catches carried out during the SHEBA (Surface Heat Budget in the Arctic Ocean) Ice Camp drift in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean from October 1997 (75°N and 142°W) to October 1998 (80°N and 166°W). We found that the contribution of these species to the total copepods biomass makes up 78% in winter and 85% in summer. Substantial variations of zooplankton biomass were observed in the upper 0-150 m in a range of 10 mg/m3 in winter and 300 mg/m3 in summer. In the area of the SHEBA drift the spawning of these copepods began approximately a month earlier than it was previously known for these species in the central Arctic Ocean. Life cycle of C. hyperboreus is expected no less than three years and two-years long life cycle of C. glacialis, that is similar to the literature data, however, we can suggest that one hemipopulation of M. longa has one-year long life cycle. We speculate that recent warming in the Arctic could increase the vegetation period that is, in turn, could impact on the population dynamics of the Arctic Ocean zooplankton.
KEY WORDS: Arctic Ocean; Canada Basin; zooplankton; dominant species; age composition; population dynamic; environmental changes

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  • Авторы: Kolosova E.G. (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia), Melnikov I.А. (P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia)
  • Издание: Proceedings of the Arctic Regional Centre, Vladivostok, 3
  • Год издания: 2001
  • Страницы: 177-186
  • Аннотация на английском языке: This paper deals with the round-year observations made on population dynamics of dominant species of the Arctic zooplankton – Calanus hyperboreus, C. glacialis, and Metridia longa. Material is based upon a yearlong zooplankton catches carried out during the SHEBA (Surface Heat Budget in the Arctic Ocean) Ice Camp drift in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean from October 1997 (75°N and 142°W) to October 1998 (80°N and 166°W). We found that the contribution of these species to the total copepods biomass makes up 78% in winter and 85% in summer. Substantial variations of zooplankton biomass were observed in the upper 0-150 m in a range of 10 mg/m3 in winter and 300 mg/m3 in summer. In the area of the SHEBA drift the spawning of these copepods began approximately a month earlier than it was previously known for these species in the central Arctic Ocean. Life cycle of C. hyperboreus is expected no less than three years and two-years long life cycle of C. glacialis, that is similar to the literature data, however, we can suggest that one hemipopulation of M. longa has one-year long life cycle. We speculate that recent warming in the Arctic could increase the vegetation period that is, in turn, could impact on the population dynamics of the Arctic Ocean zooplankton. KEY WORDS: Arctic Ocean; Canada Basin; zooplankton; dominant species; age composition; population dynamic; environmental changes
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